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Contents contributed and discussions participated by Kalyan Roy

Kalyan Roy

SPACE.com -- New Physics? Fundamental Cosmic Constant Now Seems Shifty - 1 views

  • Recent observations of distant galaxies suggest that the strength of the electromagnetic force – the so-called fine-structure constant – actually varies throughout the universe. In one direction, the constant seemed to grow larger the farther astronomers looked; in another direction the constant took on smaller values with greater distance.
  • If confirmed, this revelation could reshape physicists' understanding of cosmology from the ground up. It may even help solve a major conundrum: Why are all the constants of nature perfectly tuned for life to exist?
Kalyan Roy

New Hubble Pictures Suggest Milky Way Fell Together - Science News - 2 views

  • A preliminary analysis of elderly stars in the Milky Way appears to strike a blow against the prevailing theory of galaxy formation. The study suggests that several large and seemingly disparate chunks of the Milky Way galaxy formed at the same time from the collapse of a single blob of gas and dust.That’s in direct contrast to the leading galaxy-formation scenario, which holds that the Milky Way and other galaxies began small and grew bit by bit for the most part, gravitationally acquiring intergalactic gas and dust and merging with galaxies in their immediate neighborhood.
Kalyan Roy

Why Are Quark Stars So Strange? : Discovery News - 1 views

  • First things first, neutron stars, quark stars and black holes are all born via the same mechanism: a supernova. But each of the three are progressively more massive, so they originate from supernovae produced by progressively more massive stars. So, what if a star exploded, producing something a little too massive to be called a neutron star? Well, neutron stars resist collapsing under their own gravitational pull by a characteristic of matter known as neutron degeneracy. This produces an outward force called neutron degeneracy pressure. What if the neutron star born after a supernova is too massive for this neutron degeneracy pressure to hold up against the neutron star's own gravity? In this case, it's up to the quarks that make up the neutrons to take over, preventing the body from collapsing any further. Single neutrons are composed of three quarks (two "down" quarks and one "up" quark). When quark degeneracy pressure kicks in, a quark star may be produced; the free "up" and "down" quarks get converted into "strange" quarks. Therefore, a quark star (also known as a "strange star") is made up of strange matter.
  • Using what we know from the Standard Model of particle physics, a massive quark star may have enough gravitational energy to start 'burning' strange matter. The quarks inside the core of the quark star may be abused so badly by gravitational pressure that the quarks will be converted into pure energy and neutrinos.
  • The fascinating thing with this scenario is that the quark star matter will be so dense that even the neutrinos cannot escape. However, this release of energy and generation of neutrinos creates an outward pressure countering the relentless inward gravitational pull.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Dai calls this extreme strange matter-burning quark star an "electroweak star"
  • Saving the best till last, the electroweak star's core would therefore be as extreme as the universe was only 10-10 seconds (that's 0.0000000001 seconds) after the Big Bang. These extreme objects would be like mini-Big Bang laboratories, maintaining a pressure where the electromagnetic and weak forces are so intertwined, they cannot be distinguished.
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