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Paula Guinto

Kevin Carter: The Consequences of Photojournalism - Photography - Fanpop - 0 views

  • In 1994, South African photojournalist Kevin Carter won the Pulitzer prize for his disturbing photograph of a Sudanese child being stalked by a vulture (left). That same year, Kevin Carter committed suicide.
  • Carter took twenty minutes to take the photo, wanting the best shot possible, before chasing the bird away.
  • The photo was published in The New York Times in March of 1993, and sparked a wide reaction. People wanted to know what happened the child, and if Carter had assisted her. The Times issued a statement saying that the girl was able to make it to the food station, but beyond that no one knows what happened to her.
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  • Because of this, Carter was bombarded with questions about why he did not help the girl, and only used her to take a photograph. The St. Petersburg Times in Florida said this of Carter: "The man adjusting his lens to take just the right frame of her suffering, might just as well be a predator, another vulture on the scene.
  • Carter spoke of his thoughts when he took these photographs: "I had to think visually. I am zooming in on a tight shot of the dead guy and a splash of red. Going into his khaki uniform in a pool of blood in the sand. The dead man's face is slightly gray. You are making a visual here. But inside something is screaming, 'My God.' But it is time to work. Deal with the rest later. If you can't do it, get out of the game."
  • However, Carter was working in a time when photojournalists were told not to touch famine victims for fear of spreading disease. Carter estimated that there were twenty people per hour dying at the food center.
  • Carter's daughter Megan responded to such comparisons with, "I see my dad as the suffering child. And the rest of the world is the vulture."
  • on July 27, 1994, Carter backed his red Nissan truck against a blue gum tree, attached a garden hose to the exhaust pipe, and rolled up the window to his car. He turned on his walkman and rested his head against his backpack until he died of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Molly Sunwoo

Slavery in Sudan - 1 views

  • last ten years.
  • mostly Dinka people
  • Bahr al-Ghazal
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    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      'Mostly Dinkas and people from the Northern Bahr al-Ghazal region.' This is precisely the identity of Achak Deng.
  • government-armed militia
  • Rezeigat and Meseriya people
  • Baggara, cattle-herding Arabic-speaking people
  • Many centuries
  • xported tens of thousands more to Egypt and the Arab states.
  • The government has repeatedly denied that slavery exists,
  • the government has not often been helpful.
  • escape, s
  • eleased by the courts or by inter-tribal negotiation.
  • Reports of foreigners helping to "buy back"
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    About Child Slavery in Sudan. Directly answers the questions; Are there slaves in Sudan? How many slaves are there? Who are the slaves? Who captures them? How long has the taking of slaves in Sudan been going on? What is the Sudan Government's policy? How can the slaves in Sudan be freed? Is slavery the main problem in Sudan's war? What is the background to the war? Is this a religious war? What can I do to help? More information?
Elisa B

The Lost Boys of Sudan; The Long, Long, Long Road to Fargo - New York Times - 2 views

  • A few days ago, they had left a small mud hut in a blistering hot Kenyan refugee camp, where after walking for hundreds of miles across Sudan they had lived as orphans for the past nine years.
  • a group of roughly 10,000 boys who arrived in Kenya in 1992 seeking refuge from their country's fractious civil war, which pits a northern, Khartoum-based Islamic government against Christian and animist rebels in the south
  • Many died from starvation or thirst. Others drowned or were eaten by crocodiles as soldiers forced them to cross a swollen Ethiopian river. According to U.S. State Department estimates, during an upsurge in fighting that began in 1987, some 17,000 boys were separated from their families and fled southern Sudan in an exodus of biblical proportions. Yet by the time the Lost Boys reached the Kakuma Refugee Camp, their numbers had been cut nearly in half.
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  • The majority of the boys belonged to the Dinka or Nuer tribes, and most were then between the ages of 8 and 18. (Most of the boys don't know for sure how old they are; aid workers assigned them approximate ages after they arrived in 1992.) As Red Cross and United Nations relief workers scrambled to find shelter for them, the boys -- which is how they all, regardless of age, refer to one another -- described an almost unfathomable journey.
  • described the Lost Boys, whom he met several times during their itinerant years, as ''among the most badly war-traumatized children ever examined.''
  • repatriation
    • Elisa B
       
      Definition: Send someone back to their own country
  • becoming the largest resettled group of unaccompanied refugee children in history.
  • ''It's a hard life here,'' Sunday whispered to the older boy, ''but it's a free life too.''
  • Given the magnitude of these kids' adjustment, it was hard not to wonder how it would all work out.
  • The words describing America had piled up without real meaning: freedom, democracy, a safe place, a land with food enough for everyone
  • he combination of war, famine and disease in southern Sudan has killed more than two million people and displaced another four million
  • They're going from an environment where you've basically been given everything at the camp to an environment where you have to work, you have to produce,'' says Steve Redding, who directs the Kenya and southern Sudan programs of International Rescue Committee. ''It's a huge leap
  • one new arrival scream and run in fear at the sight of an escalator
  • espite their numbers, the lost boys tell stories that are remarkably similar and uniformly disturbing.
  • While they can be strikingly unemotional describing the horrors of their pasts, they nonetheless seem eager for Americans to appreciate the plight of their country. Predictably, those who had been in the United States a month or more were the most comfortable reflecting on what they had been through, while newer arrivals often seemed overwhelmed
  • as many as 74 percent of the boys survived shelling or air bombardment, 85 percent saw someone die from starvation, 92 percent said they were shot at and 97 percent witnessed a killing.
  • Terry Walsh, vice president for a refugee program run by Catholic Social Services in Lansing, Mich. ''For most refugees, education is important. But I've never met a group more dedicated to it. Education has always been the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.''
  • According to psychologists who work with war victims, refugee children who have finally reached a safe and stable environment are often confronted with long-suppressed feelings of fear, guilt and grief over what they have been through.
  • Arguably, whether their parents are living or not, most of the Lost Boys have no choice but to move on
  • Five weeks after his arrival, he was finding life in America to be hard -- harder than anyone had told him it would be
  • Without an American host family or church organization to help buffer the expenses, the three brothers seemed to grow more despondent with each passing week.
  • The first three months are always the toughest. It really does get better
  • ''When someone first comes to this country as a refugee,'' he says, ''there's a euphoria of starting anew. But when that starts to wear off, a lot of problems can surface.''
  • This is a stove burner. this is a can opener. This is a brush for your teeth. The new things came in a tumble. The brothers' home was a sparsely furnished two-bedroom apartment in the basement of a sterile-looking complex on Fargo's south side, for which they would pay $445 a month. It had been stocked by a resettlement agency employee, primarily with donations from area churches and businesses, and the randomness reflected as much: there were two bundt pans, six tubes of toothpaste and no towels or cutting knives. Nonetheless, it was a good start. A loaf of white bread sat on the counter alongside a bunch of ripe bananas. There were cans of beans, a jumbo box of Corn Flakes, tea bags, a modest collection of mismatched dishes and a gallon of whole milk in the refrigerator.
  • im. Each boy then took a turn at the sink, awkwardly shoving the faucet handle to and fro.
  • And so began an opening spree. We opened a bag of potato chips. We opened a can of beans and untwisted the tie on the bagged loaf of bread. We unwrapped some I Can't Believe It's Not Butter and dropped a pat to sizzle in a hot pan on the stove. We cracked eggs, each boy taking his turn, erupting into paroxysms of laughter as the shell shattered in his grasp. After the eggs were scrambled and the food laid out, Peter, Maduk and Riak sat down and ate, chewing loudly, not saying a word until most of it was gone.
  • Hornbacher's, a standard-issue Midwestern grocery store, proved to be full of wonders. The electric doors. The grocery carts. The riotous rows of brightly packaged food and the ample-bodied white people who filled their carts with whatever they wished to buy. With the eyes of nearly every shopper in the store on them, the boys wandered tentatively through the produce section, looking but not touching, until Riak discovered a bin of green mangoes, which triggered a round of excited Dinka chatter. As we made our way through the store, they recognized nothing else except a bag of rice, but each new aisle seemed to embolden them, and soon they were moving as a meticulous three-man inspection team, studying labels, squeezing boxes and quietly pronouncing the names of everything from Special K to Velveeta.
  • The next aisle over, Peter touched my shoulder. He was holding a can of Purina dog food. ''Excuse me, Sara, but can you tell me what this is?'' Behind him, the pet food was stacked practically floor to ceiling. ''Um, that's food for our dogs,'' I answered, cringing at what that must sound like to a man who had spent the last eight years eating porridge. ''Ah, I see,'' Peter said, replacing the can on the shelf and appearing satisfied. He pushed his grocery cart a few more steps and then turned again to face me, looking quizzical. ''Tell me,'' he said, ''what is the work of dogs in this country?''
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    This is a very long article which follows the hard story of three brothers who were resettled in the US. It is a very long article which is very detailed and gives you a very good understanding of what they went through.
Paula Guinto

South Sudan - The New York Times - 0 views

  • South Sudan
  • The south’s departure did not put an end to conflicts. There were many unresolved issues, and Sudan and South Sudan soon began squabbling bitterly over how to demarcate the border and share oil profits. (The conundrum of the two Sudans is that both countries are extremely dependent on oil, but while the export pipelines run through the north, the bulk of the crude oil lies in the landlocked south.)
  • Tribal and cultural tensions are an ongoing issue
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    Guys, I suggest you read this article. It's very helpful.
Ryan W

A new generation of Lost Boys, and Lost Girls, of Sudan | Seattle Times Mobile - 0 views

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    This is a good summary of the lost boys. 
Molly Sunwoo

The Valentino Achak Deng Foundation - Interview - 0 views

  • VAD: It is very close to the truth, but many things in the book are somewhat different than what happened in life. Some characters have been combined. Some time is compressed. They are minor things, but they were necessary. For one thing, I was very young when the book begins, so I could not remember conversations and small details from my early childhood in Marial Bai. It was necessary to reconstruct the chronology, and that is what Dave did. He took the basic facts and then created the story from there.
    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      He states that he didn't make What is the What a biography because he couldn't remember all the tiny details on the way. Because some of the characters were combined and the time was compressed. Could this give him a 'slack' or possibly an excuse to exaggerate a bit in some parts of the story?
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    About writing What Is The What.  Double interview with Valentino Achak Deng and Dave Eggers. 
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    Shantanu this is about the process of writing the book, you might find it interesting. :)
Rosalie K

One Lost Boy of Sudan finds path, shares life story | The Chautauquan Daily - 1 views

  • Bol Malual remembers dodging crocodiles when he was a child
  • Lost Boys of Sudan.
  • You just did it.
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  • he does not know his exact age,
    • Rosalie K
       
      At the part where he said that his brother woke him up and told him to run, just imagining that is hard to process. 
  • Malual said his older brother shook him awake one day and told him to run.
  • Malual’s gr
  • oup was the first to settle in that area
    • Rosalie K
       
      I think that without the support of each other, they wouldn't have survived. 
  • Every 14 days, each boy received 15 kilograms of maize flour, some cooking oil and one cup of beans,
  • Sharing was what kept us together, pushed us together,
  • If I didn’t receive my ration one day, my friend would call me when it was time to eat.”
  • Malual, then a teenager, found a job. Although the large bulk of his salary went toward rent for an apartment he almost never saw, Malual took on extra hours and began to save money
  • You’re going to go home,’” Malual said. “And they gave me a ticket. I was so happy; I couldn’t believe it.”
  • ‘Is this the wrong family?’”
  • His brother, who had been the one to tell Malual to run as a child, had remained in the village.
  • ‘When I told you to run, I didn’t mean to run forever
  • he described America as his second home and said he couldn’t imagine leaving it.
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    Great story about this boy called Malual and his survival as a lost boy. His story stretches from the beginning to his arrival in America and how he felt about it. 
  •  
    good annotations
Hazel S

New dangers threaten Kenya's Kakuma refugee camp - 0 views

  • Life in the camp is hard, and it is about to get harder. Poorly funded infrastructure means that disease is always a threat. The coming rains could overwhelm the already overstretched water and sanitation facilities, said aid officials on the ground, who worried about overflowing toilets and outbreaks of diarrhea, pneumonia, measles and cholera. One third of the camp’s population lacks adequate shelter, according to the UN. Even firewood is scarce; some people actually have sold their food rations to buy wood to cook with.
  • The latter advertises a “mine risk education program.” Poisonous spiders, snakes, and scorpions abound in the area.
  • The second threat is terrorism. Now, with the success of the Kenyan army in pushing back al-Shabaab, there is concern that members of the militant Islamic militia may try to infiltrate the camp.
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  • There are also more than 57,000 children in the camp, about 5,000 of whom have no parents. A lack of funding means that services to them are limited.
  • Maker said that since he left Sudan as a little boy, he has not seen his parents. “So I don’t know where they are at this time and that’s why I am still in the camp. And camp is just like my home now, you know?” he said.
  • They ran excitedly across the dirt field, barefoot, clad in threadbare t-shirts. An older boy kicked a goal as a smaller child stood on the sideline, watching quietly. Looming behind them was the main gate, where a sign reminds entrants to “leave the camp better than you found it.”
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    The article contains a lot of information about Kakuma. The small details are included which is really useful.
Hiroto A

Where are the Lost Girls of Sudan? | The Chronicles of Travelling Womanists - 1 views

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    This gives of some facts and figures and explains what happened to some of the lost girls. 
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    Where the lost girls of Sudan are
  •  
    Be specific about what you found...
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    According to Sudanese culture, the girls could not be left alone and instead were placed with surviving family members or with other surviving families/adults. Also, when the US resettlement program was created in 1999, by that time, most of the girls had been living in the family units assigned them for 9-14 years and were no longer considered to be orphans. Therefore, they were not allowed for resettlement. However, many of the Lost Girls that did come to the US have now earned their college degrees and/or married. Some have returned to South Sudan and are working in the government of South Sudan and assisting in rebuilding their country. The lost girls are known to be having their normal lives.
Molly Sunwoo

BBC News - South Sudan profile - Timeline - 0 views

  • North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) ends civil war
    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) - research further. 
  • deal provides for a permanent ceasefire, autonomy for the south, a power-sharing government involving rebels in Khartoum and a south Sudanese referendum on independence in six years' time.
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    South Sudan Profile Timeline of South Sudan Including Sudan's Civil War and after. 
Elisa B

The Lost Boys - CBS News - 1 views

  • It's the largest resettlement of its kind in American history.
  • It's a group that's lost in time
  • Most were 7 or 8 when their troubles began in 1987. That's when their predominantly Christian villages in southern Sudan were attacked by Islamic forces from the north.
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  • He was seven when he began the walk. "You have to urinate so that you can drink your own urine,"
  • Twelve thousand boys made it to a refugee camp in Ethiopia, where they stayed four years. But then civil war broke out there and the boys were chased out at gunpoint to the Gilo River. Many were shot. Many drowned. Many were eaten by crocodiles.
  • "They feel that education will speak on behalf of them where their parents can't," says Chanoff, the American aid worker. "So they have a saying, it's actually a very important saying that they have, education is my mother and my father."
  • The survivors of the Gilo started walking back into southern Sudan. They walked across deserts, over mountains. They had no food or water and ate wet mud.
  • For nine years, they've been surviving on one meal a day - wheat flour and maize – in the camp. In 2000, U.S. government began bringing them to America. Before they go, Chanoff gives them a crash course in America 101.
  • But the good news is that Americans are accepting them .
  • "Here are these boys that are products of this horrific civil war and they're coming to our heartland and they're coming to our homes," says Chanoff. "And you know what? People are falling in love with them. They think they're the sweetest, most amazing kids in the world and they're going to be a part of America now and that is unbelievable."
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    This is a good brief story of the Lost Boys and their journey from when they were first attacked to when they set off for the United States. It is not very detailed but it had the main points.
Elisa B

'Lost Boys of Sudan' - where are they now? | MSUToday | Michigan State University - 2 views

  • A notable quality among the refugees is their extraordinary ability to cope with chronic adversity and trauma even though some suffer from symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.
  • continue
  • esettlement experiences based on whether they were minors or adults. Minors had to adjust (and some who are still minors continue to adjust) to American schools and living in American foster families, having lived mostly in peer groups prior to resettlement.
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  • Adults struggled to become economically independent, working long hours at low-paying jobs and struggling to find time and money to go to school.
  • Still, the refugees send as much money to Africa as possible to help those who were left behind
  • “He is like one of our adult children,” he said. “Both of his parents are deceased, and we try to fill in as best we can as his American parents.
  • “In the beginning his needs were great – health issues, learning to take care of basic needs, learning to drive a car, etc. Now, he has become very independent. We have shared his sadness such as when his mother died in 2003.
  • Sudan) and a refugee camp in Kenya. However, he is resolute to return to Sudan after getting h
  • However, he is resolute to return to Sudan after g
  • an) and a refugee camp in Kenya. However, he is resolute to return to
  • n) and a re
  • The MSU study noted that refugee camp experiences had significant positive and negative influences on the refugees’ adjustment in the United States. For instance, having suffered through hardship, they recognized the special opportunity they had coming to the United States to pursue an education and employment, according to Luster. 
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    This is a very brief article which talks about how some Sudanese have adapted to life in the US amongsth with their goals and struggles.
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