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Elisa B

The Lost Boys of Sudan; The Long, Long, Long Road to Fargo - New York Times - 2 views

  • A few days ago, they had left a small mud hut in a blistering hot Kenyan refugee camp, where after walking for hundreds of miles across Sudan they had lived as orphans for the past nine years.
  • a group of roughly 10,000 boys who arrived in Kenya in 1992 seeking refuge from their country's fractious civil war, which pits a northern, Khartoum-based Islamic government against Christian and animist rebels in the south
  • Many died from starvation or thirst. Others drowned or were eaten by crocodiles as soldiers forced them to cross a swollen Ethiopian river. According to U.S. State Department estimates, during an upsurge in fighting that began in 1987, some 17,000 boys were separated from their families and fled southern Sudan in an exodus of biblical proportions. Yet by the time the Lost Boys reached the Kakuma Refugee Camp, their numbers had been cut nearly in half.
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  • The majority of the boys belonged to the Dinka or Nuer tribes, and most were then between the ages of 8 and 18. (Most of the boys don't know for sure how old they are; aid workers assigned them approximate ages after they arrived in 1992.) As Red Cross and United Nations relief workers scrambled to find shelter for them, the boys -- which is how they all, regardless of age, refer to one another -- described an almost unfathomable journey.
  • described the Lost Boys, whom he met several times during their itinerant years, as ''among the most badly war-traumatized children ever examined.''
  • repatriation
    • Elisa B
       
      Definition: Send someone back to their own country
  • becoming the largest resettled group of unaccompanied refugee children in history.
  • one new arrival scream and run in fear at the sight of an escalator
  • Given the magnitude of these kids' adjustment, it was hard not to wonder how it would all work out.
  • The words describing America had piled up without real meaning: freedom, democracy, a safe place, a land with food enough for everyone
  • he combination of war, famine and disease in southern Sudan has killed more than two million people and displaced another four million
  • They're going from an environment where you've basically been given everything at the camp to an environment where you have to work, you have to produce,'' says Steve Redding, who directs the Kenya and southern Sudan programs of International Rescue Committee. ''It's a huge leap
  • ''It's a hard life here,'' Sunday whispered to the older boy, ''but it's a free life too.''
  • espite their numbers, the lost boys tell stories that are remarkably similar and uniformly disturbing.
  • While they can be strikingly unemotional describing the horrors of their pasts, they nonetheless seem eager for Americans to appreciate the plight of their country. Predictably, those who had been in the United States a month or more were the most comfortable reflecting on what they had been through, while newer arrivals often seemed overwhelmed
  • as many as 74 percent of the boys survived shelling or air bombardment, 85 percent saw someone die from starvation, 92 percent said they were shot at and 97 percent witnessed a killing.
  • Terry Walsh, vice president for a refugee program run by Catholic Social Services in Lansing, Mich. ''For most refugees, education is important. But I've never met a group more dedicated to it. Education has always been the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.''
  • According to psychologists who work with war victims, refugee children who have finally reached a safe and stable environment are often confronted with long-suppressed feelings of fear, guilt and grief over what they have been through.
  • Arguably, whether their parents are living or not, most of the Lost Boys have no choice but to move on
  • Five weeks after his arrival, he was finding life in America to be hard -- harder than anyone had told him it would be
  • Without an American host family or church organization to help buffer the expenses, the three brothers seemed to grow more despondent with each passing week.
  • The first three months are always the toughest. It really does get better
  • ''When someone first comes to this country as a refugee,'' he says, ''there's a euphoria of starting anew. But when that starts to wear off, a lot of problems can surface.''
  • This is a stove burner. this is a can opener. This is a brush for your teeth. The new things came in a tumble. The brothers' home was a sparsely furnished two-bedroom apartment in the basement of a sterile-looking complex on Fargo's south side, for which they would pay $445 a month. It had been stocked by a resettlement agency employee, primarily with donations from area churches and businesses, and the randomness reflected as much: there were two bundt pans, six tubes of toothpaste and no towels or cutting knives. Nonetheless, it was a good start. A loaf of white bread sat on the counter alongside a bunch of ripe bananas. There were cans of beans, a jumbo box of Corn Flakes, tea bags, a modest collection of mismatched dishes and a gallon of whole milk in the refrigerator.
  • im. Each boy then took a turn at the sink, awkwardly shoving the faucet handle to and fro.
  • And so began an opening spree. We opened a bag of potato chips. We opened a can of beans and untwisted the tie on the bagged loaf of bread. We unwrapped some I Can't Believe It's Not Butter and dropped a pat to sizzle in a hot pan on the stove. We cracked eggs, each boy taking his turn, erupting into paroxysms of laughter as the shell shattered in his grasp. After the eggs were scrambled and the food laid out, Peter, Maduk and Riak sat down and ate, chewing loudly, not saying a word until most of it was gone.
  • Hornbacher's, a standard-issue Midwestern grocery store, proved to be full of wonders. The electric doors. The grocery carts. The riotous rows of brightly packaged food and the ample-bodied white people who filled their carts with whatever they wished to buy. With the eyes of nearly every shopper in the store on them, the boys wandered tentatively through the produce section, looking but not touching, until Riak discovered a bin of green mangoes, which triggered a round of excited Dinka chatter. As we made our way through the store, they recognized nothing else except a bag of rice, but each new aisle seemed to embolden them, and soon they were moving as a meticulous three-man inspection team, studying labels, squeezing boxes and quietly pronouncing the names of everything from Special K to Velveeta.
  • The next aisle over, Peter touched my shoulder. He was holding a can of Purina dog food. ''Excuse me, Sara, but can you tell me what this is?'' Behind him, the pet food was stacked practically floor to ceiling. ''Um, that's food for our dogs,'' I answered, cringing at what that must sound like to a man who had spent the last eight years eating porridge. ''Ah, I see,'' Peter said, replacing the can on the shelf and appearing satisfied. He pushed his grocery cart a few more steps and then turned again to face me, looking quizzical. ''Tell me,'' he said, ''what is the work of dogs in this country?''
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    This is a very long article which follows the hard story of three brothers who were resettled in the US. It is a very long article which is very detailed and gives you a very good understanding of what they went through.
Rosalie K

Lost Boys of Sudan Refugee Resettlement - 1 views

  •  An estimated two million people have died and four million have been made refugees in the eighteen year old civil war in Sudan.
  • hey remained in camps in Ethiopia until a newly-elected government expelled them in 1991, and they were forced to return to Sudan.
  • Last year, the United States offered to resettle 3,600 of these "lost boys."
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  •  Grouped in threes or fours, the Sudanese young men, now in their late teens and twenties, are being resettled in sites in the US where expertise and special services are provided for these refugees refugees who have been deprived of their childhood and family life. In addition to expert case workers, sponsoring churches make an invaluable contribution to the adjustment of the refugees.
  • Starting in the late 1980s, thousands of Sudanese boys trekked to Ethiopia to flee the war. T
  • The three very gaunt and thinly clad young men arrived in the snow of a northern winter to a warm reception from Andrews Memorial UMC, James Street UMC, and the Church World Service (CWS) staff
  • foundation on which they can rebuild their lives: an apartment, furnishings, clothing, kindly guidance and friendship, accompaniment to appointments, help in learning to cook for themselves, shop, and prepare for job interviews.
  • United Methodist Churches
  • adapt to a new culture and become a part of the community.
  • the church arranged for Samuel to attend Nottingham High School,
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    This site gives a brief description about the Lost Boys and talks about their resettlement to America. 
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    A very descriptive and informative piece of writitng about the resettlement of the lost boy in America. Some information on their journey and their life in America. 
Molly Sunwoo

Slavery in Sudan - 1 views

  • last ten years.
  • mostly Dinka people
  • Bahr al-Ghazal
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    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      'Mostly Dinkas and people from the Northern Bahr al-Ghazal region.' This is precisely the identity of Achak Deng.
  • government-armed militia
  • Rezeigat and Meseriya people
  • Baggara, cattle-herding Arabic-speaking people
  • Many centuries
  • xported tens of thousands more to Egypt and the Arab states.
  • The government has repeatedly denied that slavery exists,
  • the government has not often been helpful.
  • escape, s
  • eleased by the courts or by inter-tribal negotiation.
  • Reports of foreigners helping to "buy back"
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    About Child Slavery in Sudan. Directly answers the questions; Are there slaves in Sudan? How many slaves are there? Who are the slaves? Who captures them? How long has the taking of slaves in Sudan been going on? What is the Sudan Government's policy? How can the slaves in Sudan be freed? Is slavery the main problem in Sudan's war? What is the background to the war? Is this a religious war? What can I do to help? More information?
mia taicher

BBC NEWS | Africa | Sudan's 'lost boys' in America - 2 views

  • Three years ago, the United States government agreed to allow 3,600 of them to begin new lives in America.
  • I don't worry now that if I sleep that people are going to shoot me," says 19-year-old Abraham Maker, who arrived in the US in 2001 along with thousands of others.
    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      This is the kind of life they lived before moving to America. But is this a bit exaggerated to gain the sympathy of others, precisely sponsors and americans? Or is this just the bare truth?
  • Abraham has been luckier than other lost boys, many of whom have had difficulty adjusting to life in America.
    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      Others may be luckier than others. Nothing will be completely fair. If he is adopted to an American family and is happy now, what happens to the social relationships that he had with his fellow Lost Boys before? Has he forgotten about his old life now?
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  • The unlucky ones, those judged to be above 18, were too old for high school and so had to go to work. As they had no qualifications they were forced to take menial, low-paying jobs.
    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      This is not what they expected after over 10 years of being lost. After Ethiopia and Kakuma, the lost boys probably built up their expectations of America so high that they were shocked of what was waiting for them. 
  • "America wasn't paradise and it wasn't as easy as they told you in the camps," says Samuel, who has done the rounds of menial jobs: he's been a security guard and is now a bagger, someone who puts shoppers' groceries in their bags at supermarkets.
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    About the Resettlement of 'The Lost Boys' in America. 
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    This article explains the struggles of the lost boys of Sudan when they adjust to life in America. It shows their difficutlies starting their life from nothing. 
Elisa B

The Lost Boys - CBS News - 1 views

  • It's the largest resettlement of its kind in American history.
  • It's a group that's lost in time
  • Most were 7 or 8 when their troubles began in 1987. That's when their predominantly Christian villages in southern Sudan were attacked by Islamic forces from the north.
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  • He was seven when he began the walk. "You have to urinate so that you can drink your own urine,"
  • Twelve thousand boys made it to a refugee camp in Ethiopia, where they stayed four years. But then civil war broke out there and the boys were chased out at gunpoint to the Gilo River. Many were shot. Many drowned. Many were eaten by crocodiles.
  • The survivors of the Gilo started walking back into southern Sudan. They walked across deserts, over mountains. They had no food or water and ate wet mud.
  • "They feel that education will speak on behalf of them where their parents can't," says Chanoff, the American aid worker. "So they have a saying, it's actually a very important saying that they have, education is my mother and my father."
  • For nine years, they've been surviving on one meal a day - wheat flour and maize – in the camp. In 2000, U.S. government began bringing them to America. Before they go, Chanoff gives them a crash course in America 101.
  • But the good news is that Americans are accepting them .
  • "Here are these boys that are products of this horrific civil war and they're coming to our heartland and they're coming to our homes," says Chanoff. "And you know what? People are falling in love with them. They think they're the sweetest, most amazing kids in the world and they're going to be a part of America now and that is unbelievable."
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    This is a good brief story of the Lost Boys and their journey from when they were first attacked to when they set off for the United States. It is not very detailed but it had the main points.
Elisa B

'Lost Boys of Sudan' - where are they now? | MSUToday | Michigan State University - 2 views

  • A notable quality among the refugees is their extraordinary ability to cope with chronic adversity and trauma even though some suffer from symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.
  • continue
  • esettlement experiences based on whether they were minors or adults. Minors had to adjust (and some who are still minors continue to adjust) to American schools and living in American foster families, having lived mostly in peer groups prior to resettlement.
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  • Adults struggled to become economically independent, working long hours at low-paying jobs and struggling to find time and money to go to school.
  • Still, the refugees send as much money to Africa as possible to help those who were left behind
  • “He is like one of our adult children,” he said. “Both of his parents are deceased, and we try to fill in as best we can as his American parents.
  • “In the beginning his needs were great – health issues, learning to take care of basic needs, learning to drive a car, etc. Now, he has become very independent. We have shared his sadness such as when his mother died in 2003.
  • Sudan) and a refugee camp in Kenya. However, he is resolute to return to Sudan after getting h
  • However, he is resolute to return to Sudan after g
  • an) and a refugee camp in Kenya. However, he is resolute to return to
  • n) and a re
  • The MSU study noted that refugee camp experiences had significant positive and negative influences on the refugees’ adjustment in the United States. For instance, having suffered through hardship, they recognized the special opportunity they had coming to the United States to pursue an education and employment, according to Luster. 
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    This is a very brief article which talks about how some Sudanese have adapted to life in the US amongsth with their goals and struggles.
Molly Sunwoo

BBC NEWS | Africa | No return for Sudan's forgotten slaves - 1 views

  • being used as slaves in the north.
  • Some 8,000 people are believed to be living in slavery in Sudan, 200 years after Britain banned the Atlantic slave trade and 153 years after it also tried to abolish slavery in Sudan.
  • Arab militias rode in to her village on horseback, firing their guns. When the adults fled, the children and cattle were rounded up and made to walk north for five days before they were divided between members of the raiding party.
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  • "When I was 12, he said he wanted to sleep with me. I could not refuse because I was a slave, I had to do everything he wanted, or he could have killed me."
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    Article about Slavery in Sudan. For anyone who is interested about the Life in Sudan and Child Slavery. 
Elisa B

Sudan Civil War - 0 views

  • Sudan had two distinct major cultures -- Arab and Black African -- with hundreds of ethnic and tribal divisions and language groups, which makes effective collaboration among them a major problem.
  • The southern region, which eventually achieved independence as South Sudan, has a population of around 6 million and a predominantly rural, subsistence economy. This region had been negatively affected by war for all but 10 years of the independence period (1956), resulting in serious neglect, lack of infrastructure development, and major destruction and displacement. More than 2 million people died, and more than 4 million were internally displaced or become refugees as a result of the civil war and war-related impacts.
  • Although Egypt claimed all of the present Sudan during most of the 19th century, it was unable to establish effective control over southern Sudan, which remained an area of fragmented tribes subject to frequent attacks by slave raiders.
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  • lavery had been an institution of Sudanese life throughout history
  • Because Sudan had access to Middle East slave markets, the slave trade in the south intensified in the nineteenth century and continued after the British had suppressed slavery in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Annual raids resulted in the capture of countless thousands of southern Sudanese, and the destruction of the region's stability and economy. The horrors associated with the slave trade generated European interest in Sudan.
  • Sudan was proclaimed a condominium in 1899 under British-Egyptian administration.
  • he SPLA, and its NDA allies received political, military and logistical support primarily from Ethiopia, Uganda and Eritrea.
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    This is an article which  goes back in history and gives you an idea of how the war came to be. It refers to many of the different cultures and groups as well as mentioning slave trade.
Paula Guinto

Kevin Carter: The Consequences of Photojournalism - Photography - Fanpop - 0 views

  • In 1994, South African photojournalist Kevin Carter won the Pulitzer prize for his disturbing photograph of a Sudanese child being stalked by a vulture (left). That same year, Kevin Carter committed suicide.
  • Carter took twenty minutes to take the photo, wanting the best shot possible, before chasing the bird away.
  • The photo was published in The New York Times in March of 1993, and sparked a wide reaction. People wanted to know what happened the child, and if Carter had assisted her. The Times issued a statement saying that the girl was able to make it to the food station, but beyond that no one knows what happened to her.
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  • Because of this, Carter was bombarded with questions about why he did not help the girl, and only used her to take a photograph. The St. Petersburg Times in Florida said this of Carter: "The man adjusting his lens to take just the right frame of her suffering, might just as well be a predator, another vulture on the scene.
  • Carter spoke of his thoughts when he took these photographs: "I had to think visually. I am zooming in on a tight shot of the dead guy and a splash of red. Going into his khaki uniform in a pool of blood in the sand. The dead man's face is slightly gray. You are making a visual here. But inside something is screaming, 'My God.' But it is time to work. Deal with the rest later. If you can't do it, get out of the game."
  • However, Carter was working in a time when photojournalists were told not to touch famine victims for fear of spreading disease. Carter estimated that there were twenty people per hour dying at the food center.
  • Carter's daughter Megan responded to such comparisons with, "I see my dad as the suffering child. And the rest of the world is the vulture."
  • on July 27, 1994, Carter backed his red Nissan truck against a blue gum tree, attached a garden hose to the exhaust pipe, and rolled up the window to his car. He turned on his walkman and rested his head against his backpack until he died of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Clara M

The Lost Boys of Sudan - 1 views

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    Whoever is interested in the Civil War, the Lost Boys' Journey, how they survived and what they have become today...YOU SHOULD READ THIS !!! It includes facts such as how many were killed in the conflict in Sudan, exactly what happened in the villages and how the Lost Boys were created. Also it briefly gives examples on the types of diseases and dangers they faced during the walk, and where they were headed and how long it took them to reach safety.
Shruti A

The Lost Boys of Sudan: Finding their way in America - seattlepi.com - 3 views

  • He was 3 when he fled civil war in Sudan and walked hundreds of miles on foot through the hot desert plains to the refugee camp.
  • Yet, despite their name, the Lost Boys are remarkable in that many found their way to safety despite encountering unimaginable horrors.
  • In 1999, the United Nations High Commissioner of Refugees and the U.S. State Department referred about 3,800 children and young adults to the United States for permanent resettlement. Those under 18 were placed with foster families from Fargo, N.D., to Phoenix, Ariz.
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  • Since September, more than 100 such refugees have settled in Western Washington. More are expected to arrive by the summer's end.
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    This article is describing the experiences of two of the 'lost boys' who resettled in America. It provides some good insights into their feelings and experiences but does not contain a lot of detailed information. 
Emily S

The lost boys of the Sudan - 0 views

  • Since 1983, the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and the Sudanese Government have been at war in southern Sudan. The conflict has already claimed more than 500,000 lives and displaced huge numbers of people. Among these were at least 20,000 children, mostly boys, between 7 and 17 years of age who were separated from their families. These 'lost boys' of the Sudan trekked enormous distances over a vast unforgiving wilderness, seeking refuge from the fighting. Hungry, frightened and weakened by sleeplessness and disease, they crossed from the Sudan into Ethiopia and back, with many dying along the way. The survivors are now in camps in Kenya, the Sudan and Uganda.
  • Others set out for refugee camps in Ethiopia. Some travelled with friends or relatives, others slipped away on their own at night. Few had any idea of what lay ahead of them. They believed the trek would last only a few days and discovered that they faced a harrowing journey of 6 to 10 weeks. Continually under threat, they would flee for their lives, losing their way in the wilderness. Often they lost everything en route—blankets, sheets, shoes, clothes and pots—to soldiers, swindlers or bandits. Many fell victim to killer diseases. Others were so weakened by hunger and lack of sleep that they could go no further and sat down by the roadside—prey for lions and other animals.
  • Since 1992, UNICEF has managed to reunite nearly 1,200 boys with their families. But approximately 17,000 remain in camps in the region. The harsh memories remain as well. As 14-year-old Simon Majok puts it: "We were suffering because of war. Some have been killed. Some have died because of hunger and disease. We children of the Sudan, we were not lucky."
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    A simple article on the Lost Boys of Sudan, providing basic information.
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    A website by UNICEF about the Lost boys of Sudan - gives lots of information about the Lost boys for any one who doesn't know who they are.
Hiroto A

BBC NEWS | Africa | The 'Lost Girls' of Sudan - 0 views

  • "In our culture, women are being dominated. Not just in Sudan, but in all of Africa. Maybe people don't think we did much, because they see us as followers of the 'Lost Boys'." "But the fact remains ladies were there."
  • Few have thought to inquire about the fate of the "Lost Girls". Although an estimated 3,000 arrived in Kakuma in 1992, most have simply vanished from official records
  • "We have lost them... they are completely lost", Mr Mable says regretfully, "They have lost that status of lost girls. Some of them are mothers. They are married...There's nothing I can do - or anyone else can do" But it is clear that some of the 'Lost Girls' continue to suffer greatly.
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    Hiroto, this article might be helpful for your research...
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    Talks in description about what happened to the lost girls. 
Molly Sunwoo

Found: How The Lost Boys of Sudan Found Hope In America - YouTube - 1 views

    • Molly Sunwoo
       
      There are different perspectives to resettlement in America because different boys were placed in different situations. In some articles, boys who were moved to America mentioned that this is not what they expected, they cannot get any education and must work with a low paying job. But David, on the other hand, is in a whole different situation. He is a successful example of resettlement of the Lost Boys in America who got into college and is in the right situation to even go back to Sudan to help others.  But is this fair? Some people being more lucky than others, when they all went through the same things?
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    Brief description about the Lost Boys and moving to America.
Hazel S

New dangers threaten Kenya's Kakuma refugee camp - 0 views

  • Life in the camp is hard, and it is about to get harder. Poorly funded infrastructure means that disease is always a threat. The coming rains could overwhelm the already overstretched water and sanitation facilities, said aid officials on the ground, who worried about overflowing toilets and outbreaks of diarrhea, pneumonia, measles and cholera. One third of the camp’s population lacks adequate shelter, according to the UN. Even firewood is scarce; some people actually have sold their food rations to buy wood to cook with.
  • The latter advertises a “mine risk education program.” Poisonous spiders, snakes, and scorpions abound in the area.
  • The second threat is terrorism. Now, with the success of the Kenyan army in pushing back al-Shabaab, there is concern that members of the militant Islamic militia may try to infiltrate the camp.
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  • There are also more than 57,000 children in the camp, about 5,000 of whom have no parents. A lack of funding means that services to them are limited.
  • Maker said that since he left Sudan as a little boy, he has not seen his parents. “So I don’t know where they are at this time and that’s why I am still in the camp. And camp is just like my home now, you know?” he said.
  • They ran excitedly across the dirt field, barefoot, clad in threadbare t-shirts. An older boy kicked a goal as a smaller child stood on the sideline, watching quietly. Looming behind them was the main gate, where a sign reminds entrants to “leave the camp better than you found it.”
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    The article contains a lot of information about Kakuma. The small details are included which is really useful.
Elisa B

Office Of Refugee Resettlement: Policy Guidance & Reporting Forms - 0 views

  • the U.S. refugee Resettlement Program welcomed a new group of refugees that was unique in many respects
  • many boys left their villages for refugee camps in Ethiopia. Some traveled with friends or relatives, others slipped away on their own at night. Few had any idea of what lay ahead of them, believing that their journey would last only a few days. Continually under threat, they fled for their lives, losing their way in the wilderness. They lost everything en route to soldiers, swindlers, or bandits. Many fell victim to lethal diseases. Others were so weakened by hunger and lack of sleep that they could go no further and sat down by the roadside, prey for lions and other wild animals.
  • n 1983, civil war broke out between the northern Arabic-speaking government of Sudan and southern tribes seeking autonomy. Since then, nearly two million people have died and five million have been displaced. Among those displaced are at least 20,000 children, mostly boys, between 7 and 17 years of age who were separated from their families.
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  • Hungry, frightened and weakened by sleeplessness and disease, they made their way to camps in Sudan, where they received help from the International Committee of the Red Cross. From there, they then traveled on foot to safety in northern Kenya. Since 1992, UNICEF has been able to reunite nearly 1,200 boys with their families. But thousands more have remained in the dusty, fly-ridden refugee camp at Kakuma, where they have had to scrape for food and struggle for education.
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    This is a good and very informative article about the resettlement of the Lost Boys. There is the story of what the boys had been through along with facts and figures at the bottom which includes employment rates, work experience, eductation and more.
Molly Sunwoo

Second Sudanese Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 1 views

  • natural resources of Sudan, particularly in the South, where there are significant oil fields.
  • 70% of Sudan's export earnings.
  • Nile river and heavier precipitation in southern Sudan, the south also has greater access to water, and is therefore much more fertile
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  • 1946, the British gave in to northern pressure to integrate the two areas.
  • Arabic was made the language of administration in the south, and northerners began to hold positions there.
  • (Muslims vs. Christians and Traditional African Religions)
  • (Arabs in the central government vs. Africans in the South)
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    Good link to find out more details about the Sudanese Civil War. Includes causes, timeline, peace agreements etc. 
Hazel S

About Kakuma Refugee Camp - 1 views

  • It was established in 1992 to serve Sudanese refugees,
  • The local Kenyan population is largely comprised of nomadic pastoralists from the Turkana community.
  • Life in the semi-arid desert environment of Kakuma is rather challenging. The area has always been full of problems: dust storms, high temperatures, poisonous spiders, snakes, and scorpions, outbreaks of malaria, cholera, and other hardships. The average daytime temperature is 40 degrees Celsius, or 104 degrees Fahrenheit.
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  • “Anyone confined to a place like Kakuma is rendered automatically dependent on some form of hand-out” (2000, p. 23). 
  • KANERE said, on January 13, 2009 at 7:44 pm It is difficult to provide a comprehensive response to this excellent query. Generally speaking, Kenyans living in other areas of Kenya a) have never heard of Kakuma Camp; b) have heard of it but assume it is located in Sudan; or c) know the camp as the “place for lots of refugees.” Those who are well aware of the situation consider Kakuma to be a difficult place to live, for both refugees and locals. Some Kenyans view refugee camps as a danger to national security. Others view camps as worthy humanitarian endeavors. Interestingly, many NGO and UNHCR staff working in Kakuma Refugee Camp look upon Kakuma as an extreme hardship zone and eagerly await placement to new (urban) job locations. This despite their lavish living conditions as compared to refugees.
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    Another Kakuma website. Very useful for details, like the environment. It  is outdated though. 
Hazel S

Lost Boys share stories of survival Page 1 of 2 | UTSanDiego.com - 0 views

  • Then 10 years old, Ariath was considered an elder among the boys who fled, so he was put in charge of 250 others younger than him.
  • “I had them hold hands as we walked in a long line through tall grass, forests and darkness so they would not get lost,” he wrote in an essay. “It was a nightmare. As we walked, we often heard gunfire and daily boys would die from dehydration, starvation and disease. When we stopped to rest, we often left dead bodies there.”
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    This is about some of the elder boys in one of the lost boys walking groups. Maybe Kur was this age. 
Shruti A

Valentino Achak Deng & his family in Sudan - YouTube - 0 views

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    An interesting video which shows Valentino Achak Deng talking about his family and his life in Sudan. He describes incidents from the book, showing where they took place, as the video is being filmed in Marial Bai. It's pretty helpdul if you are researching about Valentino. 
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