Group Neuropsychology's best content

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091223125125.htm - 0 views

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brain encode memories Neuron memory synapse

shared by Tero Toivanen about 14 hours ago - No snapshot

Tero Toivanen about 14 hours ago

Scientists at UC Santa Barbara have made a major discovery in how the brain encodes memories. The finding, published in the December 24 issue of the journal Neuron, could eventually lead to the development of new drugs to aid memory.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Scientists at UC Santa Barbara have made a major discovery in how the brain encodes memories. The finding, published in the December 24 issue of the journal Neuron, could eventually lead to the development of new drugs to aid memory.</div>

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Machine Translates Thoughts into Speech in Real Time - 0 views

www.physorg.com/news180620740.html

brain-machine real-time speech production wireless speech commands speech synthesizer neural signals thought-to-speech

shared by Tero Toivanen on 24 Dec 09 - Snapshot

Model of the brain-machine interface for real-time synthetic speech production.
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Signals collected from an electrode in the speech motor cortex are amplified and sent wirelessly across the scalp as FM radio signals.
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The Neuralynx System amplifies, converts, and sorts the signals. The neural decoder then translates the signals into speech commands for the speech synthesizer.
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By implanting an electrode into the brain of a person with locked-in syndrome, scientists have demonstrated how to wirelessly transmit neural signals to a speech synthesizer. The "thought-to-speech" process takes about 50 milliseconds - the same amount of time for a non-paralyzed, neurologically intact person to speak their thoughts.
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Tero Toivanen on 24 Dec 09

Model of the brain-machine interface for real-time synthetic speech production.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Model of the brain-machine interface for real-time synthetic speech production. </div>

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Mcgovern Institute video - 1 views

web.mit.edu/...video.shtml

McGovern Institute brain research MIT neuroscience brain disorders

shared by Tero Toivanen on 23 Dec 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 23 Dec 09

The McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT is led by a team of world-renowned neuroscientists committed to meeting two great challenges of modern science: understanding how the brain works and discovering new ways to prevent and treat brain disorders.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">The McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT is led by a team of world-renowned neuroscientists committed to meeting two great challenges of modern science: understanding how the brain works and discovering new ways to prevent and treat brain disorders.</div>

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The Teaching Company Free Lectures - 0 views

www.teach12.com/...brainlecture.aspx

brain learning synapse Hippocampus video plasticity memory Jeanette Norden Vanderbit University

shared by Tero Toivanen on 13 Dec 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 13 Dec 09

Excellent video lecture about learning, memory and brain by Jeanette Norden Ph.D. from Vanderbit University.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Excellent video lecture about learning, memory and brain by Jeanette Norden Ph.D. from Vanderbit University.</div>

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Brain Stimulant: Brain Chip to Restore Functioning from Damage - 0 views

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brain Brain Chip restore damage neuromorphic engineering neurons stroke

shared by Tero Toivanen on 10 Dec 09 - Snapshot

The ReNaChip project is developing electronic biomimetic technology that could serve to replace damaged or missing brain tissue. This is basically neuromorphic engineering that seeks to mimic how neurons function. In the future this may be useful for people who have had injuries due to stroke or other illnesses.
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The objective of this project is to develop a full biohybrid rehabilitation and substitution methodology; replacing the aged cerebellar brain circuit with a biomimetic chip bidirectionally interfaced to the inputs and outputs of the system. Information processing will interface with the cerebellum to actuate a normal, real-time functional behavioural recovery, providing a proof-of-concept test for the functional rehabilitation of more complex neuronal systems.
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A sophisticated exocortex could potentially allow a two way communication between the external apparatus and the mind. The contraption could essentially scale up the amount of neurons in your brain by an artificial means. Most likely it would be used to improved the disabled first, with other applications being more speculative possibilities.
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Tero Toivanen on 10 Dec 09

The ReNaChip project is developing electronic biomimetic technology that could serve to replace damaged or missing brain tissue. This is basically neuromorphic engineering that seeks to mimic how neurons function. In the future this may be useful for people who have had injuries due to stroke or other illnesses.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">The ReNaChip project is developing electronic biomimetic technology that could serve to replace damaged or missing brain tissue. This is basically neuromorphic engineering that seeks to mimic how neurons function. In the future this may be useful for people who have had injuries due to stroke or other illnesses.</div>

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Does Vitamin D Improve Brain Function?: Scientific American - 0 views

www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm

vitamin D improve brain function

shared by Tero Toivanen on 03 Nov 09 - Snapshot

And although vitamin D is well known for promoting bone health and regulating vital calcium levels—hence its addition to milk—it does more than that. Scientists have now linked this fat-soluble nutrient’s hormonelike activity to a number of functions throughout the body, including the workings of the brain.
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We know there are receptors for vitamin D throughout the central nervous system and in the hippocampus
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We also know vitamin D activates and deactivates enzymes in the brain and the cerebrospinal fluid that are involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and nerve growth.
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In addition, animal and laboratory studies suggest vitamin D protects neurons and reduces inflammation.
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The scientists found that the lower the subjects’ vitamin D levels, the more negatively impacted was their performance on a battery of mental tests. Compared with people with optimum vitamin D levels, those in the lowest quartile were more than twice as likely to be cognitively impaired.
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The data show that those people with lower vitamin D levels exhibited slower information-processing speed. This correlation was particularly strong among men older than 60 years.
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Although we now know that low levels of vitamin D are associated with cognitive impairment, we do not know if high or optimum levels will lessen cognitive losses. It is also unclear if giving vitamin D to those who lack it will help them regain some of these high-level functions.
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So how much is enough vitamin D? Experts say 1,000 to 2,000 IU daily—about the amount your body will synthesize from 15 to 30 minutes of sun exposure two to three times a week—is the ideal range for almost all healthy adults. Keep in mind, however, that skin color, where you live and how much skin you have exposed all affect how much vitamin D you can produce.
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Tero Toivanen on 03 Nov 09

And although vitamin D is well known for promoting bone health and regulating vital calcium levels-hence its addition to milk-it does more than that. Scientists have now linked this fat-soluble nutrient's hormonelike activity to a number of functions throughout the body, including the workings of the brain.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">And although vitamin D is well known for promoting bone health and regulating vital calcium levels-hence its addition to milk-it does more than that. Scientists have now linked this fat-soluble nutrient's hormonelike activity to a number of functions throughout the body, including the workings of the brain.</div>

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New Light On Nature Of Broca's Area: Rare Procedure Documents How Human Brain Computes Lang... - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...091015141500.htm

brain Broca's area Wernicke's area language cerebral cortex Sahin

shared by Tero Toivanen on 17 Oct 09 - Snapshot

The study – which provides a picture of language processing in the brain with unprecedented clarity – will be published in the October 16 issue of the journal Science.
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"Two central mysteries of human brain function are addressed in this study: one, the way in which higher cognitive processes such as language are implemented in the brain and, two, the nature of what is perhaps the best-known region of the cerebral cortex, called Broca's area," said first author Ned T. Sahin, PhD, post-doctoral fellow in the UCSD Department of Radiology and Harvard University Department of Psychology.
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The study demonstrates that a small piece of the brain can compute three different things at different times – within a quarter of a second – and shows that Broca's area doesn't just do one thing when processing language.
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The procedure, called Intra-Cranial Electrophysiology (ICE), allowed the researchers to resolve brain activity related to language with spatial accuracy down to the millimeter and temporal accuracy down to the millisecond.
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"We showed that distinct linguistic processes are computed within small regions of Broca's area, separated in time and partially overlapping in space," said Sahin. Specifically, the researchers found patterns of neuronal activity indicating lexical, grammatical and articulatory computations at roughly 200, 320 and 450 milliseconds after the target word was presented. These patterns were identical across nouns and verbs and consistent across patients.
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Tero Toivanen on 17 Oct 09

"Two central mysteries of human brain function are addressed in this study: one, the way in which higher cognitive processes such as language are implemented in the brain and, two, the nature of what is perhaps the best-known region of the cerebral cortex, called Broca's area," said first author Ned T. Sahin, PhD, post-doctoral fellow in the UCSD Department of Radiology and Harvard University Department of Psychology.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">"Two central mysteries of human brain function are addressed in this study: one, the way in which higher cognitive processes such as language are implemented in the brain and, two, the nature of what is perhaps the best-known region of the cerebral cortex, called Broca's area," said first author Ned T. Sahin, PhD, post-doctoral fellow in the UCSD Department of Radiology and Harvard University Department of Psychology.</div>

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Wires Inserted Into Human Brain Reveal Speech Surprise | Wired Science | Wired.com - 1 views

www.wired.com/...speaking-brain

brain verbal cognition Sahin Broca's area Wernicke's area

shared by Tero Toivanen on 17 Oct 09 - Snapshot

in’s team benefited from a brain-reading technology called intra-cranial electrophysiology, or ICE, in which electrodes are positioned inside the brain itself. It’s a medical rather than a research tool, used to precisely measure electrical activity in the brains of epileptics who don’t respond to treatment.
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This tested only one type of verbal cognition, cautioned Sahin, and the focus was unavoidably narrow, but it was enough to show that Broca’s area is involved not only in translating speech, but receiving it. That role was considered specific to part of the brain called Wernicke’s area.

More broadly, the findings may represent a general rule for Broca’s area, and perhaps other brain regions: Each part plays multiple roles, rather than performing a single task.
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Tero Toivanen on 17 Oct 09

This tested only one type of verbal cognition, cautioned Sahin, and the focus was unavoidably narrow, but it was enough to show that Broca's area is involved not only in translating speech, but receiving it. That role was considered specific to part of the brain called Wernicke's area.
More broadly, the findings may represent a general rule for Broca's area, and perhaps other brain regions: Each part plays multiple roles, rather than performing a single task.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">This tested only one type of verbal cognition, cautioned Sahin, and the focus was unavoidably narrow, but it was enough to show that Broca's area is involved not only in translating speech, but receiving it. That role was considered specific to part of the brain called Wernicke's area. <br /> More broadly, the findings may represent a general rule for Broca's area, and perhaps other brain regions: Each part plays multiple roles, rather than performing a single task.</div>

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Reading, E-Books and the Brain : The Frontal Cortex - 0 views

scienceblogs.com/...ding_e-books_and_the_brain.php

brain reading dorsal route Dehaene research E-books

shared by Tero Toivanen on 17 Oct 09 - Snapshot

Although scientists had previously assumed that the dorsal route ceased to be active once we learned how to read, Deheane's research demonstrates that even literate adults still rely, in some situations, on the same patterns of brain activity as a first-grader, carefully sounding out the syllables.
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This research suggests that the act of reading observes a gradient of fluency. Familiar sentences printed in Helvetica activate the ventral route, while difficult prose filled with jargon and fancy words and printed in an illegible font require us to use the slow dorsal route.
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The larger point is that most complaints about E-Books and Kindle apps boil down to a single problem: they don't feel as "effortless" or "automatic" as old-fashioned books. But here's the wonderful thing about the human brain: give it a little time and practice and it can make just about anything automatic.
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Tero Toivanen on 17 Oct 09

Although scientists had previously assumed that the dorsal route ceased to be active once we learned how to read, Deheane's research demonstrates that even literate adults still rely, in some situations, on the same patterns of brain activity as a first-grader, carefully sounding out the syllables.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner"> Although scientists had previously assumed that the dorsal route ceased to be active once we learned how to read, Deheane's research demonstrates that even literate adults still rely, in some situations, on the same patterns of brain activity as a first-grader, carefully sounding out the syllables.</div>

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YouTube - Posit Science: The Science with Dr. Merzenich - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

brain plasticity neuropsychology Michael Merzenich change abilities learning neuroplasticity practice language youtube

shared by Tero Toivanen on 05 Oct 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 05 Oct 09

Dr Michael Merzenich talks about brain plasticity in YouTube video.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Dr Michael Merzenich talks about brain plasticity in YouTube video.</div>

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Music as Medicine for the Brain - US News and World Report - 0 views

health.usnews.com/...as-medicine-for-the-brain.html

music therapy Parkinson's Alzheimer's brain neuroscience medicine

shared by Tero Toivanen on 27 Sep 09 - No snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 27 Sep 09

Music therapy has been practiced for decades as a way to treat neurological conditions from Parkinson's to Alzheimer's to anxiety and depression. Now, advances in neuroscience and brain imaging are revealing what's actually happening in the brain as patients listen to music or play instruments and why the therapy works.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Music therapy has been practiced for decades as a way to treat neurological conditions from Parkinson's to Alzheimer's to anxiety and depression. Now, advances in neuroscience and brain imaging are revealing what's actually happening in the brain as patients listen to music or play instruments and why the therapy works.</div>

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Visual training to retain driving competence - and your independence! | On the Brain by Dr.... - 0 views

merzenich.positscience.com/?p=250

brain visual training automobile drivers DriveSharp merzenich

shared by Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09 - Snapshot

Today, Posit Science announced the release of a new computer-based visual training tool, DriveSharp, specifically designed to improve the performance abilities of adult automobile drivers to a degree that can be expected to very substantially impact their driving safety.
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As you get older, you progressively lose the ability to accurately detect and respond to visual events in your far visual periphery.
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In our fast-moving world, losing control of one’s peripheral vision is a main cause of driving accidents.
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Ball and Roenker demonstrated that these losses are substantially reversible, through appropriate, intensive training, in almost all older drivers. UFOVs can be re-expanded to relatively youthful ability levels through only a few hours of exercise. The result: About 50% fewer driving accidents in the over-65 population.
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Moreover, once your UFOV is opened up again, you use it!
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You can use DriveSharp repeatedly, over the rest of your days, to keep yourself in fine driving fettle!
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The second training program that is included in DriveSharp is designed to improve your ability to keep track of more than one thing happening at the same time. This fundamental visual skill — called “multiple object tracking” (MOT) — also dramatically declines as you get older.
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Again, with a few hours of intensive training, a youthful MOT performance level can be achieved for most individuals. The result: A still FURTHER increase of driving safety.
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If you’ve reached your 50th birthday, DriveSharp training is especially important for upgrading and sustaining your driving competence. It’s all about maintaining your performance abilities in driving as in all other ways at the highest possible level, throughout the second half of life.
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few other benefits demonstrated by published studies originating with the Ball/Roenker team (including University of South Florida scientist Sherri Willis and a University of Iowa scientist, Fred Wolinsky).
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1) You’re healthier after DriveSharp training! Five years after training, Physical indices of Quality of Life are more than 30% higher — maybe because you get out more.
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Trainees are much more likely to have retained your driver’s license — and to have sustained their personal independence.
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After DriveSharp, you are a more confident driver, as expressed by gains in the number of times you drive each week, by an increase in average driving distances, and by your driving more often at night, or in the rain or snow.
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Try DriveSharp now: If you are a member of one of the participating AAA clubs, please visit your AAA club’s website for more information and a special offer on DriveSharp. If not, please visit www.DriveSharp.com or call (866)599-6463 to learn more.
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Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09

Today, Posit Science announced the release of a new computer-based visual training tool, DriveSharp, specifically designed to improve the performance abilities of adult automobile drivers to a degree that can be expected to very substantially impact their driving safety.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Today, Posit Science announced the release of a new computer-based visual training tool, DriveSharp, specifically designed to improve the performance abilities of adult automobile drivers to a degree that can be expected to very substantially impact their driving safety.</div>

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YouTube - Health Matters: Behavior and Our Brain - 0 views

Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09

In an interview Ph.D. Terrence Sejnowski from Salk Institute for biological studies explains about many things about brains and behavior.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">In an interview Ph.D. Terrence Sejnowski from Salk Institute for biological studies explains about many things about brains and behavior.</div>

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YouTube - Copy a Scene Task (Unilateral Neglect) - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

brain neclect youtube

shared by Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09

Video example about neclect.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Video example about neclect.</div>

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YouTube - bf skinner on reinforcement - general psychology - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

skinner reinforcement pigeon behaviour reward learning youtube free will

shared by Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09

Skinner explains about reinforcement and "free will".

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Skinner explains about reinforcement and "free will".</div>

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YouTube - Split brain behavioral experiments - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

left hemisphere right hemisphere corpus callosum nonconscious cerebral hemisphere youtube

shared by Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09

Left and right hemisphere's functions.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Left and right hemisphere's functions. </div>

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YouTube - Early Split Brain Research Gazzaniga - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

brain history left brain right brain functions hemispheric

shared by Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09

Left Brain - Right Brain functions

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Left Brain - Right Brain functions</div>

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YouTube - Music and the Mind - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

brain music stroke language science presentation amusia aphasia

shared by Tero Toivanen on 13 Jul 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 13 Jul 09

Aniruddh Patel's presentation about: What can music teach us about the brain? What can brain science teach us about music?

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Aniruddh Patel's presentation about: What can music teach us about the brain? What can brain science teach us about music? <br /> <br /> </div>

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Brain Map - 0 views

www.neuroskills.com/brain.shtml

brain injury concussion rehabilitation research pharmacology support multi-media products

shared by Tero Toivanen on 13 Jul 09 - Snapshot

Tero Toivanen on 13 Jul 09

A traumatic brain injury resource guide with over 1,500 pages of material on brain injury, concussion, rehabilitation, long-term assisted living, research, pharmocology, support, multi-media products, and much more.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">A traumatic brain injury resource guide with over 1,500 pages of material on brain injury, concussion, rehabilitation, long-term assisted living, research, pharmocology, support, multi-media products, and much more.</div>

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Selective aphasia in a brain damaged bilingual patient : Neurophilosophy - 0 views

scienceblogs.com/...damageed_bilungual_patient.php

brain bilingual Arabic Hebrew CT scan frontal lobe parietal lobe crationomy hemorrhage

shared by Tero Toivanen on 11 Jul 09 - Snapshot

A unique case study published in the open access journal Behavioral and Brain Functions sheds some light on this matter. The study, by Raphiq Ibrahim, a neurologist at the University of Haifa, describes a bilingual Arabic-Hebrew speaker who incurred brain damage following a viral infection. Consequently, the patient experienced severe deficits in Hebrew but not in Arabic. The findings support the view that specific components of a first and second language are represented by different substrates in the brain.
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A native Arabic speaker, he learned Hebrew at an early age (4th grade) and later used it competently both professionally and academically.
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A CT scan showed that he had suffered a massive hemorrhage in the left temporal lobe, which was compressing the tissue on both sides of the central sulcus, the prominent gfissure which separates the frontal and parietal lobes.
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A craniotomy was performed to relieve the pressure, and afterwards another scan showed moderate hemorrhage and herpes encephalitis in the left temporal lobe, and another hemorrhage beneath the outer membrane (the dura) lying over the right frontal lobe.
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During his 2 month stay there, he developed epileptic seizures which originated in the left temporal lobe, and amnestic aphasia (an inability to name objects or to recognize their written or spoken names).
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After the rehabilitation period, a series of linguistic tests was administered to determine the extent of his speech deficits. M.H. exhibited deficits in both languages, but the most severe deficits were seen only in Hebrew. In this language he had a severe difficulty in recalling words and names, so that his speech was non-fluent and interrupted by frequent pauses. He had difficulty understanding others' spoken Hebrew, and also had great difficulty reading and writing Hebrew. In Arabic, his native language, all of these abilities were affected only mildy.
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The results support a neurolinguistic model in which the brain of bilinguals contains a semantic system (which represents word meanings) which is common to both languages and which is connected to independent lexical systems (which encode the vocabulary of each language). The findings further suggest that the second language (in this case, Hebrew) is represented by an independent subsystem which does not represent the first language (Arabic) and is more succeptible to brain damage.
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Tero Toivanen on 11 Jul 09

A unique case study published in the open access journal Behavioral and Brain Functions sheds some light on this matter. The study, by Raphiq Ibrahim, a neurologist at the University of Haifa, describes a bilingual Arabic-Hebrew speaker who incurred brain damage following a viral infection. Consequently, the patient experienced severe deficits in Hebrew but not in Arabic. The findings support the view that specific components of a first and second language are represented by different substrates in the brain.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">A unique case study published in the open access journal Behavioral and Brain Functions sheds some light on this matter. The study, by Raphiq Ibrahim, a neurologist at the University of Haifa, describes a bilingual Arabic-Hebrew speaker who incurred brain damage following a viral infection. Consequently, the patient experienced severe deficits in Hebrew but not in Arabic. The findings support the view that specific components of a first and second language are represented by different substrates in the brain.</div>

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Neuropsychology

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091223125125.htm - 0 views

Machine Translates Thoughts into Speech in Real Time - 0 views

Mcgovern Institute video - 1 views

The Teaching Company Free Lectures - 0 views

Brain Stimulant: Brain Chip to Restore Functioning from Damage - 0 views

Does Vitamin D Improve Brain Function?: Scientific American - 0 views

New Light On Nature Of Broca's Area: Rare Procedure Documents How Human Brain Computes Lang... - 0 views

Wires Inserted Into Human Brain Reveal Speech Surprise | Wired Science | Wired.com - 1 views

Reading, E-Books and the Brain : The Frontal Cortex - 0 views

YouTube - Posit Science: The Science with Dr. Merzenich - 0 views

Music as Medicine for the Brain - US News and World Report - 0 views

Visual training to retain driving competence - and your independence! | On the Brain by Dr.... - 0 views

YouTube - Health Matters: Behavior and Our Brain - 0 views

YouTube - Copy a Scene Task (Unilateral Neglect) - 0 views

YouTube - bf skinner on reinforcement - general psychology - 0 views

YouTube - Split brain behavioral experiments - 0 views

YouTube - Early Split Brain Research Gazzaniga - 0 views

YouTube - Music and the Mind - 0 views

Brain Map - 0 views

Selective aphasia in a brain damaged bilingual patient : Neurophilosophy - 0 views

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