Best content in Medical Education | Diigo - Groups

Assessment of decision-making capacity in adults

Mon, 11 May 2015 15:50:37 -0000

Comments:

"WHAT TO DO WHEN A PATIENT LACKS CAPACITY — The degree and urgency with which to act on findings of impaired capacity depends on multiple factors, including the expected duration of impairment, the severity of the impairment, and the seriousness of the decision.

Unless the urgency of a patient’s medical condition requires that a substituted decision be made immediately, efforts should be made to identify and correct any reversible causes of the impairment [26]. This is particularly relevant in hospitalized patients with impaired capacity due to delirium. Treatment of the underlying causes of delirium may restore decision-making capacity.

Patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment that is not expected to fluctuate may benefit from more intensive efforts at education to improve understanding of the relevant facts, followed by reassessment of decision-making abilities. A randomized trial found that a memory and organizational aid given to patients with mild stage Alzheimer disease dementia (n = 80) improved performance on understanding, which in turn increased the likelihood of being judged capable of providing informed consent to enroll in a clinical trial [34]. This enhancement was also effective in a randomized trial with middle-aged and older adults with schizophrenia [35].

For patients whose impairments are severe enough that they are judged to lack the capacity to make a decision, there is a clear ethical obligation to seek out a substitute decision maker. Substitute or surrogate decision makers should ideally have been chosen by the patient in advance. In the absence of a designated surrogate, laws may vary in terms of which people can serve in this proxy role and their hierarchy; in general, the order is the spouse, adult children, parents, siblings, and other relatives. (See "Legal aspects in palliative and end of life care", section on 'Surrogate decision makers'.)

When making a substituted decision, the proxy should take into consideration - mmgillis

Tags: no_tag

by: mmgillis

Shortening medical school: Is that a good idea?

Mon, 22 Dec 2014 19:21:47 -0000

Tags: shortened, medical, education

by: rebekahmcbrown

PDF.js viewer

Thu, 11 Dec 2014 17:33:17 -0000

Comments:

"In conclusion, the BID method, an easily taught approach to surgical instruction, was shown to significantly improve the acquisition of surgical skills during a simulation based
skills course. We anticipate this method may provide an ideal framework for time-efficient and effective surgical instruction" - anonymous

Tags: surgery

by: anonymous

BMC Medical Education | Full text | The physician¿s role and empathy ¿ a qualitative study of third year medical students

Thu, 04 Dec 2014 17:35:20 -0000

Comments:

"This study suggest that the described inhibitors of empathy may originate in the hidden curriculum and reinforce each other, creating a greater distance between the physician and the patient, and possibly resulting in decreased empathy. Mastering biomedical knowledge is an important part of the students’ ideals of the physician’s role, and sometimes objective and distanced ideals may suppress empathy and the students’ own emotions. " - anonymous

Tags: Empathy

by: anonymous

Am I right when I am sure? Data consistency influences the relation... - PubMed - NCBI

Wed, 05 Nov 2014 22:00:03 -0000

Comments:

"Diagnostic accuracy was moderately associated with higher certainty only when clinical data were consistent. This correlation disappeared when incon sistent data were provided, possi bly reflecting changes in reasoning strategies among diagnostically success ful trainees. The relationship between certainty and diagnostic accuracy is context dependent. Certainty is an unreliable surrogate for diagnostic accuracy." - anonymous

Tags: clinical, diagnosticthinking

by: anonymous

What is Case Based Learning?

Sun, 02 Nov 2014 00:30:47 -0000

Comments:

"Case based learning uses virtual 'trigger' cases to stimulate interest in a particular area of the curriculum. Working in small groups over a two week period, a case is used to think about the knowledge and skills needed and why these might be useful. " - anonymous

Tags: casebased, undergrad

by: anonymous

Why do some clinical supervisors become bullies?

Sat, 01 Nov 2014 23:39:55 -0000

Comments:

"In the General Medical Council’s 2013 national training survey, 13.2% of respondents said that they had been victims of bullying and harassment in their posts, nearly one in five had seen someone else being bullied or harassed, and over a quarter had experienced “undermining” (unfair or belittling treatment)." - anonymous

Tags: bullying, feedback

by: anonymous

Web-based feedback after summative assessment: how do students engage? - PubMed - NCBI

Sat, 01 Nov 2014 23:01:22 -0000

Comments:

"Higher performing students appeared to use the feedback more for positive affirmation than for diagnostic information. Those arguably most in need engaged least. We need to construct feedback after summative assessment in a way that will more effectively engage those students who need the most help." - anonymous

Tags: summative assessment

by: anonymous

The science of compassion

Sat, 01 Nov 2014 22:58:21 -0000

Comments:

" how health care has become industrialised, with an emphasis on carrying out mechanical tasks rather than making an emotional connection with patients, often leading to burnout and disillusionment in health care staff. " - anonymous

Tags: compassion

by: anonymous

Medical Education in Cases by Teresa M. Chan, Brent Thoma & Michelle Lin

Sat, 01 Nov 2014 22:55:39 -0000

Comments:

"We post challenging hypothetical dilemmas, moderate discussions on potential approaches, and recruit medical education experts to provide their insights. " - anonymous

Tags: casebased, iBook

by: anonymous

Peer Instruction for Active Learning - Eric Mazur - YouTube

Fri, 22 Aug 2014 20:51:49 -0000

Comments:

"Harvard University Prof. Eric Mazur on difficulties of beginners, teaching each other, and making sense of information - anonymous

Tags: Mazur, peer instruction

by: anonymous

NCSBN National Simulation Study

Fri, 22 Aug 2014 20:45:06 -0000

Comments:

NCSBN conducted a landmark, national, multi-site, longitudinal study of simulation use in prelicensure nursing programs throughout the country. - anonymous

Tags: simulation

by: anonymous

Failure to fail: the perspectives of clinical super... [Acad Med. 2005] - PubMed - NCBI

Fri, 22 Aug 2014 15:41:17 -0000

Comments:

"The study provides insight as to why supervisors fail to fail the poorly performing student and resident. It also offers suggestions of how to support supervisors, increasing the likelihood that they will provide a valid ITER " - anonymous

Tags: difficultstudents, assessment

by: anonymous

Ten tips for receiving feedback effectively in clinical practice | Algiraigri | Medical Education Online

Mon, 11 Aug 2014 19:06:59 -0000

Comments:

"Feedback is a crucial element in the educational process and it is shown that we are still behind in the optimal use of it; thus, learners need to be taught how to better receive and utilize feedback." - anonymous

Tags: feedback

by: anonymous

Jigsaw graphic

Mon, 21 Jul 2014 21:07:15 -0000

Comments:

Create your own concept map using a jigsaw puzzle approach - anonymous

Tags: tools, graphicorganizers

by: anonymous

Narrative medicine as a means of training medical students toward residency competencies

Wed, 02 Jul 2014 20:39:26 -0000

Comments:

"Participating medical students reported that they perceived narrative medicine to be an important, effective, but counter-culture means of enhancing communication, collaboration, and professional development. The authors contend that these skills are integral to medical practice, consistent with core competencies" - anonymous

Tags: narrative, humanities

by: anonymous

What are the limitations of self-directed learning? | ArcheMedXArcheMedX

Sat, 28 Jun 2014 22:19:08 -0000

Comments:

Considering the zones of proximal development model should drive educators to seek out and leverage more structured educational interventions, without which the limitations of learning and self-directed learner growth may be undermining the overall impact of the medical education we create. - anonymous

Highlights and Sticky Notes:

Considering the zones of proximal development model should drive educators to seek out and leverage more structured educational interventions, without which the limitations of learning and self-directed learner growth may be undermining the overall impact of the medical education we create.

Tags: selfdirected

by: anonymous

Educational Design Part 5: Assessment | ICENet Blog

Sat, 28 Jun 2014 17:30:53 -0000

Comments:

"Assessment can be defined as “the process of collecting, synthesizing and interpreting information to aid decision making.”1 Key to this process is:

Mapping the assessment to the learning objective; and
Mapping the assessment instrument to the sophistication of learning being tested." - anonymous

Tags: assessment

by: anonymous

The Critical Role of Feedback in Formative Instructional Practices

Tue, 10 Jun 2014 19:48:50 -0000

Comments:

This paper (a) describes the role feedback plays in formative instructional practices, (b) suggests some evidence-based instructional strategies practitioners can employ to increase opportunities for feedback about their instruction, and (c) recommends ways to enhance the effectiveness of the feedback students receive. - anonymous

Tags: feedback

by: anonymous

Portfolios (Authentic Assessment Toolbox)

Fri, 06 Jun 2014 23:03:41 -0000

Comments:

Direct instruction on how to create portfolios - anonymous

Tags: portfolio

by: anonymous