Catholic Theology Fall

So we are not supposed to understand the Eucharist completely?

The physical idea of eucharist is interesting, I've always heard people talking about what a spiritual experience it should be

no the guy talking is catholic...the story was rabbis

The Liturgical Calendar is a tool that kindles the hearts of
Catholics so that they will remember God’s marvellous plan of
salvation that was accomplished through the birth, life, death
and rising of Christ Who once again walks the earth in our time
and presence.

9. The "Lectionary," the Mass readings from the Holy Bible, follows
a Sunday cycle and a weekday cycle. The Liturgical Calendar follows
a three year cycle, each year being represented by the letters, A,
B and C.



10. During the year A cycle, the Gospel of Matthew is the primary
Gospel that is used for the readings. In year B, Mark is the primary
Gospel. In year C Luke is the primary Gospel. The Gospel of John is
proclaimed on particular Sundays in each of the years.



11. On weekdays in Ordinary Time, there is a 2 year cycle numbered I
and II. Year I is read in odd number years such as 2005, 2007, 2009.
Year II is read in even years such as 2006, 2008, 2010.

58. Easter is the greatest Feast of the liturgical year, the
climax and center of the Catholic Liturgical Calendar. It
celebrates the glorious Resurrection of the Lord Jesus at the
Masses.



59. “Easter Sunday, the greatest solemnity in the liturgical
year, is often associated with many displays of popular piety:
these are all cultic expressions which proclaim the new and
glorious condition of the risen Christ, and the divine power
released from his triumph over sin and death.” (# 148,
Directory of Popular Piety and the Liturgy; Principles and
Guidelines; Vatican City, December, 2001)



60. The day of Easter, which varies from year to year, is
celebrated on the Sunday that follows the first full moon after
the vernal equinox, the day in Spring when there is a 12-hour
day and a 12-hour night (March 20). (The Council of Nicea in
A.D. 325) Easter can be as early as March 22 nd and as late
as April 25th.

61. The Easter Season begins with the celebration of the Easter
Vigil on Easter Sunday and ends 50 days later with Pentecost
Sunday.



62. The fifty days from Easter Sunday to Pentecost are celebrated
in joyful exultation as one Feast day, or better as one ‘‘great
Sunday’’ During this season, above all other, it is a time to sing
the Alleluia.

63. The Ascension is celebrated on the 7th Sunday after Easter.
It focuses on the entry of Jesus’ humanity into Divine glory in
God’s heavenly Kingdom, 40 days after His Glorious Resurrection.

64. “Eastertide concludes with Pentecost Sunday, the fiftieth day,
and its commemoration of the outpouring of the Holy Spirit on the
apostles (cf. Acts 2, 1-4), the Church's foundation, and the
beginning of its mission to all nations and peoples. The protracted
celebration of the vigil Mass has a particular importance in
cathedrals and some parishes, since it reflects the intense
persevering prayer of the Christian community in imitation of the
Apostles united in prayer with the Mother of Jesus.”



65. “The mystery of Pentecost exhorts us to prayer and commitment
to mission and enlightens popular piety which is a ‘continued sign
of the presence of the Holy Spirit in the Church. He arouses faith,
hope and charity, in the hearts [of the faithful] and those ecclesial
virtues which make popular piety valuable. The same Spirit ennobles
the numerous and varied ways of transmitting the Christian message
according to the culture and customs of all times and places’.”
(# 156, Directory of Popular Piety and the Liturgy; Principles and
Guidelines; Vatican City, December, 2001)

White represents purity and joy. It is used in the seasons of
Easter and of Christmas;

Red represents charity. It is used on Palm Sunday of the Lord’s
Passion, Good Friday, on Pentecost Sunday,

Green represents hope. It is used in Ordinary Time.

Violet represents charity, expectation, purification, or penance.
It is used in the seasons of Advent and of Lent

Rose: It is used on the 3rd Sunday of Advent and the 4th Sunday
of Lent (optional).

Lent is a time of penance, so that
the faithful may share in the joys of Easter Sunday with purity of heart.
The three traditional forms of penance,
fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, “express
conversion in relation to oneself, to God, and to others” (Catechism
of the Catholic Church, 1434). For those adults preparing for Baptism
at the Easter Vigil, Lent focuses on inner and outer scrutiny. For
the baptized, Lent calls us to contemplate the
redemption wrought for our sake by
Christ’s passion; and it admonishes us to contemplate the effort we
put into accepting that redemption.

Because of the austerity of Lent,
Alleluia is not said in prayer or sung in liturgy. The
Gloria is not sung at Mass during Lent
except for the few feasts and solemnities which may occur then. During Lent,
“the altar is not to be decorated with flowers, and the use of musical
instruments is allowed only to support the singing” (Ceremonial of
Bishops, 252).

Easter is such a special time that
it continues not just for the eight days of the octave of Easter (all celebrated
as solemnities of the Lord), but for 50 days (including Sundays and counting
Easter Sunday itself) of the season of Easter. The season of Easter comes
to a close, and Ordinary Time returns, on the Monday after Pentecost
Sunday (from the Greek pentekoste, fiftieth day) on which we celebrate
the descent of the Holy Spirit (Acts 2:1-13).

For him, love was the key and he advocated uncompromisingly the need to give human beings the deepest value.

So he stood firm against contraception, abortion and euthanasia, and opposed the death penalty.

For the Pope, communism was a tyranny that chopped down human freedom and saw people as mere resources to be used as the state saw fit; an attitude utterly intolerable to a man to whom each and every human being was an image of God.

Even after entering the
seminary (1916) he was allowed to live at home because of his health. After his
ordination in 1920 he was sent to Rome to study at the Gregorian University and
the University of Rome, but in 1922 he transferred to the Accademia dei Nobili
Ecclesiastici to study diplomacy continuing his canon law studies at the
Gregorian. In 1923 he was sent to Warsaw as attache of the nunciature but was
recalled to Rome (1924), because of the effect of the severe Polish winters on
his health, and assigned to the office of the Secretariat of State where he
remained for the next thirty years. Besides teaching at the Accademia dei Nobili
Ecclesiastici he was named chaplain to the Federation of Italian Catholic
University Students (FUCI), an assignment that was to have a decisive effect on
his relations with the founders of the post-war Christian Democratic Party.

In 1937 he was named substitute for ordinary affairs under Cardinal Pacelli,
the secretary of state, and he accompanied him to Budapest (1938) for the
International Eucharistic Congress. On Pacelli's election as Pius XII in 1939,
Montini was reconfirmed in his position under the new secretary of state,
Cardinal Luigi Maglione. When the latter died in 1944, Montini continued to
discharge his office directly under the pope.

In the secret consistory of 1952 Pope Pius XII announced that he had
intended to raise Montini and Domenico Tardini to the Sacred College but that
they had both asked to be dispensed from accepting. Instead he conferred on both
of them the title of prosecretary of state. The following year Montini was
appointed Archbishop of Milan but still without the title cf cardinal. He took
possession of his new See on January 5, 1955 and soon made himself known as the
"archbishop of the workers." He revitalized the entire diocese,
preached the social message of the Gospel, worked to win back the laboring
class, promoted Catholic education at every level, and supported the Catholic
press. His impact upon the city at this time was so great that it attracted
world-wide attention. At the conclave of 1958 his name was frequently mentioned,
and at Pope John's first consistory in December of that year he was one of 23
prelates raised to the cardinalate with his name leading the list. His response
to the call for a Council was immediate and even before it met he was identified
as a strong advocate of the principle of collegiality. He was appointed to the
Central Preparatory Commission for Vatican II and also to the
Technical-Organizational Commission.

His successful conclusion of Vatican II has left its
mark on the history of the Church, but history will also record his rigorous
reform of the Roman curia, his well-received address to the UN in 1965, his
encyclical Populorum progressio (1967), his second great social letter
Octogesima adveniens (1971)—the first to show an awareness of many
problems that have only recently been brought to light—and his apostolic
exhortation
Evangelii nuntiandi, his last major pronouncement which also touched on
the central question of the just conception of liberation and salvation.

Montini was eventually appointed in 1953 to the senior Italian church post of Archbishop of Milan. Traditionally such appointment would be followed by being made a cardinal at the next Consistory (when vacancies in the College of Cardinals are filled). To the surprise of many, Montini never received the red hat (as the appointment to the cardinalate is often called) before Pope Pius's death in 1958; what was not known was that at the Secret Consistory in 1952 Pope Pius revealed that Montini had declined the cardinalate. Though many viewed him as the person who would have succeeded Pope Pius, since Montini was not a member of the College of Cardinals1, Cardinal Angelo Roncalli was elected pope and assumed the name Pope John XXIII. Roncalli almost immediately raised Montini to the cardinalate.

Pope Paul's most controversial decision occurred on July 24, 1968, when in his encyclical Humanae Vitae, "Of Human Life", he rejected the recommendations of a commission established by John XXIII and reaffirmed the Catholic Church's disapproval of artificial birth control.

His decision was unexpected, as many in the catholic world expected the Church to accept with some reservations the technological advances that had produced the contraceptive pill. In subsequent decades, the vast majority of baptised Catholics opted to use birth control in spite of church teaching. To its supporters, Humanæ Vitae is seen as a valued and welcome reaffirming of the sanctity of human sexuality and the procreative act.

Pope Paul VI became the first pope to visit all five continents, and was until the election of Pope John Paul II the most travelled pope in history, earning the nickname the Pilgrim Pope. In 1970 he was subject to an assassination attempt in the Philippines. While the Vatican denied it, subsequent evidence suggests Pope Paul did indeed receive a stab wound in the incident.

A man of many virtues, Pope Paul VI spent his pontificate plagued by attacks from all sides. Liberals condemned him on Humanae Vitae and for not reforming the Church and its curia further. Conservatives within the Church condemned him as too liberal and for "destroying the Tridentine Mass".

negative public response to Humanæ Vitæ deeply wounded Pope Paul, who, according to close friends, withdrew into himself and became increasingly critical of, and alienated from, a world he saw as being conquered by evil. It was noteworthy that after Humanæ Vitæ in 1968 he issued no further encyclicals for the rest of his reign.

Pope Paul VI died in Castelgondolfo, the papal summer residence, in August 1978.